Chemistry

Question Analysis
This question involves identifying the name and energy characteristic of a phase change based on a descriptive scenario. The main focus is on linking observable state changes to their scientific names and energy classifications.

Key Concept Explanation
When a liquid cools and becomes a solid, the process is called freezing (or solidification).
Freezing is an exothermic process because molecules lose thermal energy as they arrange into a more ordered solid structure.
Melting (solid → liquid) is endothermic, condensation (gas → liquid) involves a different state change, and sublimation (solid → gas) is endothermic.

Step-by-Step Solution
1. Identify the phase transition from the scenario: Liquid → Solid.
2. Match the transition to its name: This process is freezing.
3. Determine the energy change: Freezi...