Chemistry

Question Analysis
This question involves identifying the phase transition corresponding to freezing and its energy characteristic. The main focus is on linking common phase change names to their directional transitions and energy changes.

Key Concept Explanation
Freezing is the exothermic phase change where a liquid transitions to a solid; thermal energy is released as molecules arrange into a more ordered, rigid structure. Melting (solid→liquid) is endothermic, condensation (gas→liquid) is exothermic but not freezing, and vaporization (liquid→gas) is endothermic.

Step-by-Step Solution
1. Recall the definition of freezing: the process of a liquid becoming a solid.
2. Match the directional transition to the options...