Geometry

Question Analysis:
This conceptual question checks understanding of rigid vs. non-rigid transformations.
The main focus is identifying which transformations do not guarantee congruence.

Key Concept Explanation:
Rigid transformations (translation, rotation, reflection) preserve length and angle → congruence.
Non-rigid transformations (like dilation) change size → no guarantee of congruence.

Step-by-Step Solution:
Review each transformation:
Translation: rigid.
Dilation: non-rigid (changes size).
Rotation: rigid.
Reflection: rigid.
Only dilation doesn’t preserve congruence.

Option Analysis: