Biology

The correct answer is: B.Membrane-bound receptors

Explanation:

Hydrophilic, protein-based hormones (such as peptide and protein hormones) are water-soluble and cannot pass through the hydrophobic lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. Therefore, they bind to receptors located on the cell membrane (also called membrane-bound receptors).

Upon binding to these receptors, the hormone activates intracellular signaling pathways, often involving secondary messengers (such as cAMP or IP3), which initiate a cascade of events inside the cell to produce a response.

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