Biology

The correct answer is: D.They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence.

Explanation:

Insertion and deletion mutations, also known as frameshift mutations, are particularly harmful because they shift the reading frame of the genetic code. This means that after the insertion or deletion, the entire sequence of codons (sets of three nucleotides) is altered, which can drastically change the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein. This often leads to a completely nonfunctional protein or one with a drastically different function, which can be harmful or lethal to the organism.

Here’s why the other options are incorrect:

A.They often delete things that organisms need: ...