Biology

The correct answer is: A.Mates are chosen based on traits that increase fitness.

Explanation:

Sexual selection occurs when individuals select mates based on certain traits that are believed to increase the chances of reproductive success, often related to traits that signal good health or genetic quality. This leads to non-random mating because individuals with certain desirable traits (e.g., bright colors, large size, elaborate displays) are more likely to be chosen as mates, which can affect allele frequencies and disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

The other options are incorrect: