Biology

The correct answer is: A.a newly formed volcanic island.

Primary succession occurs in areas where there was previously no soil or organic material, such as on bare rock or newly exposed land. A newly formed volcanic island provides an environment with no pre-existing soil, so the process of primary succession would begin as pioneer species like lichens and mosses start to colonize the bare rock and eventually create soil.

Here’s why the other options are incorrect:

B.Old forest growing: This refers to...