To determine the correct transformation for
the function after it is reflected across the x-axis,
stretched vertically by a factor of 4, and shifted 1 unit down, let's analyze
each transformation step-by-step.
Reflection across the x-axis:
Reflecting across the x-axis changes to .
Vertical Stretch by a Factor of 4:
A vertical stretch by a factor of 4 is
achieved by multiplying the entire logarithmic expression by 4. So,