Biology

The correct answer is D.biotic factor.

Parasitism is a biotic factor because it involves interactions between living organisms. Specifically, parasitism is a type of relationship where one organism (the parasite) benefits at the expense of another organism (the host), often causing harm to the host.

To clarify the other options:

A.Abiotic factor refers to non-living components of an ecosystem, such as temperature, water, and minerals.