Biology

The correct answer is: A.Primary succession.

Primary succession occurs in an area that has never previously supported life, such as bare rock, newly formed land (like after a volcanic eruption), or glacial retreats. In these areas, there is no soil, and the process of succession begins with pioneer species like lichens and mosses that can tolerate harsh conditions and help break down the rock into soil over time.

Why the other options are incorrect:

B.Tertiary succession: This is not a recognized stage of ecological succession. There are only primary and secondary successions.

C....